“荆瑕”计划
OUR PROJECTS
防护服/ PROTECTION SUIT
在对于枸杞田的实地调研与对于杞农的访谈中，恶劣的劳动条件与自然环境成为了杞农大多提及的问题。因此，在笔者思考解决方案时，防护服成为了受到广泛认可的措施。对于杞农来说，一套防护服可以起到防晒，防雨，防刺，防风沙等多重作用。在加装生命体征检测系统之后，还能够为工作安全起到极大的帮助。
完成调研之后，笔者决定针对杞农设计并制作一套防护服。
考量标准如下：
1.能够在宁夏的高温，高热环境中保持透气，排汗性能
2.能够达成良好的防晒性能（SPF50+）
3.防刺防扎，能够耐受果树汁液，农药中的腐蚀性成分
4.能够防御蚊虫叮咬与风沙侵扰
5.能够携带水瓶，手机，食物等较大体积物品
6.方便穿脱，收纳与反复清洗
根据考量标准，笔者制定了一些方案
1采用拼接方式连接不同种类布料，连接衣服的不同区域，以达成以上综合需求。
2.在与枸杞树发生接触的主要衣服区域，使用抗撕裂，防刮性能较好的尼龙复合材料。
3.在较容易出汗的区域采用网纱材料，达成最优的透气效果。
4.在衣服的绝大多数区域采用轻快的人造纤维材料，保证杞农完成蹲起，转身等运动姿势时的自然活动度。
5.通过拉链的方式连接上衣与帽子的部分，便于拆卸使用。
6.安置大容量口袋，方便携带物品。
7.选择特种图层方式，喷涂于衣物表面，起到防水，耐受化学物质等。
设计手稿/design scripts
Through field research on wolfberry fields and interviews with farmers, the harsh working conditions and natural environment emerged as the predominant concerns. Consequently, when searching for solutions, protective clothing become a widely recognized measure. For wolfberry farmers, a set of protective clothing can provide multiple functions such as sun protection, rain resistance, puncture resistance, and protection against sandstorms. After integrating a vital signs monitoring system, it can greatly enhance work safety.
After completing the research, we decided to design and produce a set of protective clothing specifically for the farmers, considering the following criteria:
1. Breathability and sweat-wicking performance in the high-temperature and hot environment of Ningxia.
2. Effective sun protection (SPF50+).
3. Puncture resistance and durability against fruit tree sap and corrosive components in pesticides.
4. Defense against mosquito bites and sandstorm intrusion.
5. Accommodation of larger items such as water bottles, mobile phones, and food.
6. Ease of wearing, storage, and repeated washing.
Based on these criteria, we devised several solutions:
1. Utilizing a combination of different fabrics and connecting them in different areas of the clothing to meet the comprehensive requirements.
2. Using tear-resistant and scratch-resistant nylon composite materials in areas that come into contact with wolfberry trees.
3. Employing mesh materials in areas prone to sweating to achieve optimal breathability.
4. Incorporating lightweight synthetic fibers in most areas of the clothing to ensure natural mobility during movements such as squatting and turning.
5. Implementing a zipper connection between the suit and the hat for easy removal and use.
6. Incorporating large capacity pockets for convenient item storage.
7. Applying specialized coatings sprayed onto the fabric surface for waterproofing and chemical resistance.
实物展示/ REAL PRODUCT&DISPLAY
（click on the photo to watch the complete version)
在防护服主体的制造过程中，我们采用了四种材料进行拼接，分别为聚酯纤维，特氟龙处理尼龙布，涤纶网纱与布料。在衣服的主体采用防晒性较好，松弛轻薄的聚酯纤维，腋下及腰间易出汗部位采用透气网纱，肩膀，小臂等摩擦较多，与尖锐物品接触较多的部分采用抗撕裂的尼龙布，根据杞农的需求进行设计与制造，同时极大兼顾了舒适性与穿着的美观度。在布料颜色选择上，我们采用了较为耐脏，且搭配质感较好的颜色，同时也致敬了乔治莫兰迪先生的色彩选取。
In the manufacturing process of the protective suit, we have utilized four different materials for assembly: polyester fiber, teflon-treated nylon fabric, polyester mesh and cloth. The main body of the suit is made of polyester fiber, which offers excellent sun protection and a lightweight, relaxed feel. Breathable mesh is used in areas prone to sweating, such as the underarms and waist. For parts that experience more friction or come into contact with sharp objects(thorns of wolfberry bushes), tear-resistant nylon fabric is employed. The design and production are tailored to meet the specific needs of the farmers.
实物表现及改进/PERFORM&IMPROVEMENT
完成对于防护服的设计于制作工作后，我们将其带到了枸杞田内，给予杞农在工作时使用，并测试其性能，为我们提供反馈与能够改进的点。
After accomplishing the design and production procedure of the protective uniform, we brought it to the fields, and provided it to the wolfberry farmers to wear at work. The farmers provided us with feedbacks on the uniform,the advantages of it, and the new points where we can make improvements on the uniform.
"LIGHTWEIGHT, BREATHABLE, FLEXIBLE"
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评价/COMMMENTS ON OUR PROTECTIVE UNIFORM
"NICELY DESIGNED, COOL, PRACTICAL"
“这套衣服透气了很多！基本上爱出汗的地方都照顾到了，穿着还能感觉到风的微微凉呢。”
“This cloth is very breatheable! It covers most of the areas that sweat a lot, and I can feel the cool breeze wearing it."
“穿着这衣服，没想到活动还挺方便的！基本上啥动作都能做嘿。”
"I didn't expect that I can move so conveniently and unconstrained. Look, I can do every gesture easily."
“你们可以把袖口收窄一些，这样不同身高的人都能穿的舒服。”
"You can narrow the cuffs a bit so that everyone of different height can wear the suit comfortably."
“我很喜欢这个帽子，既能够防晒，又能够让我不被蜜蜂叮咬，穿着还不热。”
"I like this hat design very much. It protects me from sunshine and bees, and its even cool wearing it. "
“希望这些衣服能够尽快量产，普及到更多的枸杞田，给大家都穿上。”
"I hope you will produce more of these suits! They will be helpful in every field here."
枸杞分拣机器/ WOLFBERRY SELECTING MACHINE
在笔者调研的枸杞田中，枸杞的分拣工作一共分为两类，大小筛选与颜色筛选。其中颜色筛选可以通过机器完成，而枸杞大小的分级与筛选则完全依赖于人工。枸杞田一年的收成大约超过7000斤，如此之大的产量下，人工筛选枸杞等级所消耗的时间成本极高，同时筛选效率也较低。
这样的现状引发了笔者的思考。可否通过机械装置帮助杞农完成极大工作量的大小等级筛选工作。在确定了设计枸杞分拣机的方案之后，笔者开始进行调研，方案设计，建模，制造等等工序。
枸杞分拣的挑战与要求：
1.枸杞多呈纺锤形，并不完全规则，且横切面直径，长度各不相同。
2.单颗枸杞果实质量较轻，容易出现粘连现象
3.需要确定大小分级，制定相应筛网
4.机器需要较为方便拆卸并快速组装，以进行使用。
形态各异的枸杞干果/wolfberry fruit in different shapes
人工筛选的枸杞/wolfberry graded by manual work
In the research conducted by us in the wolfberry fields, the sorting work of wolfberries can be divided into two categories: size sorting and color sorting. While color sorting can be done by machines, the size grading and sorting of wolfberries rely entirely on manual labor. The annual yield of wolfberries in the fields is approximately over 3,500 kilograms. Under such a large production volume, the time and cost consumed by manual grading is extremely high, and the sorting efficiency is rather low.
This situation has prompted us to consider whether mechanical devices can help farmers complete the arduous task of size grading. After determining the design of the wolfberry sorting machine, we began the process of research, design, modeling, manufacturing, and so on.
Challenges and requirements for wolfberry sorting:
1. Wolfberries are mostly spindle-shaped, not completely regular, and have varying diameters and lengths on the cross-section.
2. Individual wolfberry is extremely light and tend to stick together.
3. It is necessary to determine the size of grading and establish corresponding sieves.
4. The machine needs to be easily disassembled and assembled for use.
设计目标/GOALS OF DESIGNING
1.能够进行不同标准的筛选-可以更换孔径不同的筛盘
2.能够方便进行拆卸与组装-便于放置于放库
3.全自动工作，不需要人力进行辅助-完成分级后的自动输送
4.能够控制工作功率，应对不同筛选要求
5.机器运动模式能够达到筛子的效果
1. Able to carry out sorting of different size standards - sieve plates with different apertures can be replaced
2. Can be easily disassembled and assembled - easy to place in storage
3. Fully automatic operation, no manual assistance required - automatic transportation after grading is completed
4. Able to control working power to cope with different sorting requirements
5. The machine movement motion can achieve the effect of grading all the wolfberries into levels
SCRIPT / DESIGN 1
最初的设计采用了一整套滚轮系统构成的筛选盘，通过上下层叠的方式进行不同直径枸杞的筛选。通过控制每一层筛盘滚轮直径的不同，达成不同等级枸杞的筛选工作。
The original design used a screening plate composed of a complete set of roller systems to screen wolfberries of different diameters by stacking them up and down. By controlling the difference in the diameter of the sieve plate rollers on each layer, the screening of different grades of wolfberry can be achieved.
DETAILS / THOUGHTS
-不同直径的滚轮
-同方向转动
-由履带完成传动
-可拆卸式的筛盘
-通过电机驱动主动轮
-可抽拉晾晒式的筛盘
-Rollers of different diameters
-Rotate in the same direction
-Transmission motion is achieved by crawler belts
-Removable sieve tray
-Driving the driving wheel through the motor
- Pull-out sieve tray for drying
SCRIPT / DESIGN 2
思考了几种不同的筛盘驱动方式，以完成起到作用的运动效果，其中包括齿轮组合，偏心轮，异形轮与弹簧，振动电机等等方式。最终再考虑到人工筛选枸杞运动模式的复杂，决定采用能够进行多向运动的振动电机与弹簧组合完成筛盘的驱动。
Several different sieve plate driving methods were considered to achieve the effective movement effect, including gear combinations, eccentric wheels, special-shaped wheels and springs, vibration motors, etc. Finally, taking into account the complexity of the movement pattern of manual screening of wolfberry, it was decided to use a combination of vibration motor and spring capable of multi-directional movement to drive the sieve plate.
DETAILS/SOLUTIONS
在结合了对于枸杞实际大小，形状和物理特性的计算之后，我们决定采用打孔筛盘的方式进行筛选工作。
-通过交错式管道将不同筛盘与收集装置链接‘
-设置带有弧度的筛盘，方便枸杞在筛选过程中进入孔洞下落
-多层筛盘设计，通过螺丝连接，可替换可更改孔径
-晒盘结构与支架可分离拆卸
After combining the calculations of the actual size, shape and physical properties of wolfberry, we decided to use a perforated sieve plate for screening.
-Connect different screen trays to collection devices through staggered pipes
- Set up a sieve plate with a curvature to facilitate the wolfberry to enter the holes and fall during the screening process
-Multi-layer sieve plate design, connected by screws, replaceable and changeable aperture
-The drying tray structure and bracket can be separated and disassembled
Modelling of the Machine 机器建模
我们使用solidworks进行建模，将以上的灵感，方案与思考进行可实现化改造，并最终完成了模型
Based on solidworks, we completed the 3D modelling work of the sorting machine, turning all inspirations and plans on the scripts into a realizable product
Manufacturing the machine
制造机器
为了确保机器的耐用性，易于清洗与使用，我们简化了整台机器的构造，多部件采用螺丝固定，等等方式进行连接，极大简化了安装与拆卸成本。同时，在实际使用种承受力量较大的区域，我们选择使用金属焊接方式进行连接。全机器采用钢制材料，并进行喷漆处理。
To ensure the durability and ease of cleaning and use of the machine, we have simplified the construction of the entire machine. Multiple components are connected using screws and other methods, greatly simplifying the installation and disassembly costs. At the same time, in areas that experience greater force during actual use, we have chosen to use metal welding for connections. The entire machine is made of steel material and undergoes a painting process.
这台枸杞筛选机器可分为两个部分，上部的筛选模块，与下部的支撑架。机器的振动运作由两个功率为40W的振动电机负责，通过螺丝方式连接在机器上部分模块的底部。两部分连接处弹簧的存在使得在保持机器底座稳定性的同时，达到足够的震动幅度，并最大程度上减少机器零件摩擦，横向运动带来的损耗。
The wolfberry sorting machine can be divided into two parts: the upper screening module and the lower support frame. The vibration operation of the machine is carried out by two vibration motors with a power of 40W which are connected to the bottom of the upper module of the machine using screws. The presence of springs at the connection between the two parts ensures the stability of the machine base while achieving sufficient vibration amplitude and minimizing friction and losses caused by lateral movement of machine parts.
Operation of the Machine
机器运作
半径较大的枸杞留存于筛盘之上，在振动与重力作用下，沿着筛盘倾斜方向滑入左侧出料仓中。而半径较小的枸杞则从筛盘中落下，以同样原理划入右侧出料仓中。上部挡板保证了枸杞划入料仓的流速，避免倾倒枸杞过多后出现集体滑落，导致筛选工作失效的作用。机器设计了不同半径的筛盘，卸下固定的螺丝，便可以用把手取下现有筛盘进行更换。筛盘一次能构承重超过20公斤枸杞，极大提高筛选效率。
The larger radius wolfberries remain on the sieve tray and, under the influence of vibration and gravity, slide into the left hopper along the inclined direction of the sieve tray. Wolfberries with a smaller radius fall from the sieve tray and slide into the right hopper using the same principle. The upper baffle ensures the flow rate of wolfberries into the hopper, preventing excessive dumping of wolfberries causing the failure of the sorting process. The machine is designed with sieve trays of different radii, which can be replaced by removing the fixed screws and using a handle to take off the existing sieve tray. Each sieve tray can support a weight of over 20 kilograms at a time, greatly improving the sorting efficiency.
工作视频 Running the Machine
与人工测试结果进行定量对比后，我们发现，在使用相同重量的同一批枸杞时，机器能够节省60%-80%的工作时间，完成第一次枸杞分拣，对于大小分拣的成功率能够达到人工分拣的80-82%。在同一批枸杞连续经过两次机器分拣之后，其大小区分度，一致性已经较大优于人工分拣。
After quantitatively comparing with the results of manual testing, we found that when using the same weight of the same batch of wolfberries, the machine is able to save 60%-80% time every working period. The success rate of size sorting can reach 80-82% of manual sorting when we counted the defective rate in the sorted wolfberries. After the same batch of wolfberries goes through two consecutive sorting processes in the machine, the size distinction and consistency are significantly better than manual sorting.